Soo koobida oscillator crystal
Crystal oscillator waxa loola jeedaa wafer-ka laga gooyay crystal quartz sida ku cad xagasha azimuth gaar ah, resonator quartz crystal, oo loo yaqaan 'quartz crystal or oscillator crystal;Cunsurka crystal-ka ee IC lagu daray gudaha xirmada waxaa loo yaqaan oscillator crystal.Alaabteeda guud ahaan waxaa lagu baakadeeyay kiisaska birta ah, laakiin sidoo kale kuwa galaaska ah, ceramics ama caagadaha.
Mabda'a shaqada ee oscillator crystal
Quartz crystal oscillator waa qalab resonant ka samaysan saamaynta piezoelectric ee crystal quartz.Halabuurka aasaasiga ahi waa qiyaas ahaan sida soo socota: Laga soo bilaabo crystal quartz sida ku cad jeex azimuth gaar ah, dahaarka leh lakabka qalin ee labada sagxdood ee u dhigma sida electrodes, alxanka silig rasaas ee electrode kasta ayaa ku xidhan pin, oo ay la socdaan qolof baakada ka kooban resonator quartz crystal, loo yaqaan quartz crystal ama crystal, gariirka crystal.Alaabteeda guud ahaan waxaa lagu baakadeeyay kiisaska birta ah, laakiin sidoo kale kuwa galaaska ah, ceramics ama caagadaha.
Haddii beerta korantada lagu dabaqo labada electrodes ee crystal quartz, jajabku si farsamaysan ayuu wax u beddelaa.Taa beddelkeeda, haddii cadaadiska makaanikada lagu dabaqo labada dhinac ee chip-ka, beer koronto ayaa laga dhalin doonaa jihada u dhiganta chip-ka.Dhacdadan jireed waxaa lagu magacaabaa saamaynta piezoelectric.Haddii danab beddelaadda lagu dhejiyo labada tiir ee chip-ka, chip-ku wuxuu dhalin doonaa gariir farsamo, taas oo iyaduna dhalin doonta goobo koronto oo beddelan.
Guud ahaan baaxadda gariirka farsamada ee chip-ka iyo baaxadda bedalka korontada waa mid aad u yar, laakiin marka inta jeer ee korantada beddelka ah ee la dabaqay ay tahay qiime gaar ah, baaxadda ayaa si weyn u kordheysa, oo aad uga weyn tan soo noqnoqoshada kale. , Dhacdadan waxaa loo yaqaan 'piezoelectric resonance', taas oo aad u la mid ah dhawaaqa wareegga LC.Inta jeer ee resonant waxay la xiriirtaa habka goynta, joomatari iyo cabbirka jajabka.
Marka crystal uusan gariirin, waxaa loo arki karaa sida capacitor fidsan loo yaqaan electrostatic capacitance C, iyo cabbirkiisu wuxuu la xiriiraa cabbirka joometeriga ee chip iyo aagga electrode, guud ahaan oo ku saabsan dhowr hab maqaarka ilaa daraasiin habka maqaarka. .Marka crystal gilgilo, qallafsanaanta gariirka farsamada waxay u dhigantaa inductance L. Guud ahaan, qiimayaasha L waxay u dhexeeyaan tobanaan ilaa boqolaal darajo.Laastikada chip-ku waxay la mid noqon kartaa capacitance C, kaas oo aad u yar, badanaa kaliya 0.0002 ~ 0.1 picograms.Khasaaraha ka dhashay is jiid-jiidka inta lagu jiro gariirka wafer wuxuu u dhigmaa R, kaas oo qiimahiisu yahay 100 ohms.Sababtoo ah inductance u dhiganta ee chip waa mid aad u weyn, iyo C aad u yar, R sidoo kale waa yar yahay, sidaas darteed factor tayada Q ee wareegga waa mid aad u weyn, ilaa 1000 ~ 10000. Intaa waxaa dheer, inta jeer ee resonant ee chip laftiisa. asal ahaan kaliya waxay la xiriirtaa habka goynta, joomatari iyo cabbirka chip, waxaana loo samayn karaa si sax ah, sidaa darteed wareegga oscillator-ka oo ka kooban resonators quartz waxay heli karaan xasillooni soo noqnoqota.
Kumbuyuutarku waxay leeyihiin wareeg waqtiyeedka, iyo in kasta oo ereyga "saacad" caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo in lagu tixraaco aaladahaan, dhab ahaantii maahan saacado dareenka caadiga ah.Waxaa laga yaabaa in si fiican loogu yeero saacadaha.Saacadaha kombuyuutarku inta badan waa kiristaalo quartz ah oo si sax ah loo farsameeyey kaas oo ku dhex mushaaxaya xadka xiisadda inta jeer ee ku xidhan sida crystal laftiisa loo gooyo iyo inta uu le'eg yahay xiisadda lagu hayo.Waxa jira laba diiwaan oo ku xidhan kiristaalo kasta oo quartz ah, miisaska iyo diiwaanka haynta.Dhaqdhaqaaq kasta oo ka mid ah crystal quartz wuxuu hoos u dhigayaa miiska hal hal.Marka miiska uu hoos ugu dhaco 0, hakad ayaa soo baxaysa oo miiska ayaa dib u soo rogaya qiimihii hore ee diiwaanka haysashada.Habkani waxa uu suurtogal ka dhigayaa in la qorsheeyo saacad-sameeyaha si uu u dhaliyo 60 hakad ilbiriqsikii (ama mar kasta oo kale oo la rabo).Joojin kasta waxaa loo yaqaannaa saacad.
Xagga korantada, oscillator crystal wuxuu u dhigmi karaa shabakad laba-terminal ah oo ah capacitor iyo resistor oo isbarbar socda iyo capacitor taxane ah.Injineernimada korantada, shabakadani waxay leedahay laba dhibcood oo dhawaaqa, kuwaas oo loo kala qaybiyay mawjadaha sare iyo kuwa hooseeya.Soo noqnoqoshada hoose waa resonance taxane ah, inta jeer ee sarena waa dhawaaq is barbar socda.Sababo la xiriira sifooyinka crystal laftiisa, fogaanta u dhexeeya labada jeermiska waa mid aad u dhow.Kala duwanaanshahan soo noqnoqda ee aadka u cidhiidhiga ah, oscillator-ka crystal wuxuu u dhigmaa inductor, markaa ilaa inta labada daraf ee oscillator oscillator-ku ay isku xidhan yihiin si barbar socda capacitors habboon, waxay samayn doontaa wareegga resonance is barbar socda.Wareeggan resonant ee isbarbar socda ayaa lagu dari karaa wareegga jawaab celinta taban si loo sameeyo wareegga oscillation sinusoidal.Sababtoo ah inta jeer ee oscillator oscillator u dhiganta inductance waa mid aad u cidhiidhi ah, inta jeer ee oscillator-kani wax badan ma beddeli doono xitaa haddii cabbirada qaybaha kale ay si weyn u kala duwan yihiin.
Crystal oscillator waxa ay leedahay halbeeg muhiim ah, kaas oo ah qiimaha xajinta culayska, dooro awooda isbarbardhiga ee la mid ah qiimaha awooda culayska, waxa ay heli kartaa inta jeer ee dhawaaqa dhawaaqa ee oscillator crystal.Wareegga oscillation crystal gariirka guud waa darafyada iska soo horjeeda ee amplifier roganaya ku xiran kiristaalo waxay leeyihiin laba capacitance helo darafyada kiristaalo, siday u kala horreeyaan capacitance kasta oo dhinaca kale ee helitaanka, awoodda labada capacitors ee qiimaha taxanaha ah waa in ay siman yihiin. marka la eego awoodda rarka, fadlan fiiro gaar ah u yeelo biinanka guud ee IC waxay leeyihiin awood gelinta u dhiganta, tan lama iska indho tiri karo.Guud ahaan, awoodda culeyska oscillator-ka crystal waa 15 ama 12.5 maqaarka.Haddii la tixgeliyo awoodda wax-gelinta u dhiganta ee biinanka ka kooban, wareegga oscillation ee oscillator oscillator oo ka kooban laba 22 capacitors maqaarka ayaa ah doorasho wanaagsan.
Waqtiga boostada: Oct-20-2021