Mabda'a aasaasiga ah ee isbarbardhigga impedance
1. wareegga caabbinta saafiga ah
Fiisigiska dugsiga sare, korontadu waxay sheegtay dhibaatadan oo kale: caabbinta qalabka korantada R, oo ku xiran awoodda korantada ee E, caabbinta gudaha ee xirmada batteriga r, xaaladaha ku jira soosaarka korontadu waa tan ugu weyn?Marka caabbinta dibadda ay le'eg tahay caabbinta gudaha, soo-saarka awoodda korontada ee wareegga dibadda ayaa ah tan ugu weyn, taas oo ah isku-dheellitirka awoodda wareegga ee kaliya.Haddii lagu beddelo wareegga AC, isla waa inuu sidoo kale buuxiyo shuruudaha R = r wareegga si uu u dhigmo.
2. wareegga falcelinta
Wareegga impedance waa ka adag yahay wareegga saafiga ah ee caabbinta, marka lagu daro caabbinta wareegga waxaa jira capacitors iyo inductors.Qaybaha, oo ku shaqeeya wareegyada AC-soo noqnoqda hooseeya ama-sare.In wareegyada AC, iska caabin ah, capacitance iyo inductance of hortaagan beddelka hadda waxaa loo yaqaan impedance, tilmaamay xarafka Z. Kuwaas ka mid ah, saamaynta caqabad ku capacitance iyo inductance on hadda beddelka waxaa loo yaqaan falcelinta capacitive iyo iyo falcelinta inductive iyo siday u kala horreeyaan.Qiimaha falcelinta kaabsiga iyo falcelinta kicinta waxay la xiriirtaa inta jeer ee hadda beddelka ah ee lagu shaqeeyo marka lagu daro cabbirka awoodda iyo inductance lafteeda.Waxaa xusid mudan in wareegga reactance, qiimaha iska caabinta R, falcelinta kicinta iyo falcelinta labajibbaaran ee falcelinta aan lagu dari karin xisaab fudud, laakiin sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo habka saddex-xagalka impedance si loo xisaabiyo.Sidaa darteed, wareegga impedance si loo gaaro isbarbardhigga ka badan wareegyada iska caabinta si ay u noqoto mid aad u adag, marka lagu daro wareegyada soo-gelinta iyo soo-saarka ee shuruudaha qaybta iska-caabbinta waa siman yihiin, laakiin sidoo kale waxay u baahan tahay qaybta falcelinta ee cabbirka siman iyo calaamadda ka soo horjeeda (isku-darka isku-dhafka ah. ;ama qayb iska caabin ah iyo qaybaha falcelintu waa siman yihiin (isbarbardhig aan milicsi lahayn).Halkan waxaa loola jeedaa falcelinta X, taas oo ah, XL inductive iyo farqiga falcelinta XC ee awoodda leh (kaliya wareegyada taxanaha ah, haddii wareegga barbar socda ay aad u adag tahay in la xisaabiyo).Si loo daboolo shuruudaha kor ku xusan waxaa loo yaqaan impedance matching, culeyska heli kara awoodda ugu badan.
Furaha isbarbardhigga isbarbardhigga waa soo-saarka soo-saarka ee marxaladda hore waxay la mid tahay xannibaadda gelinta ee marxaladda dambe.Is-hortaagga wax-soo-saarka iyo wax-soo-saarka wax-soo-saarka ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa wareegyada elektiroonigga ah ee dhammaan heerarka, dhammaan noocyada qalabka wax lagu cabbiro iyo dhammaan noocyada qaybaha elektaroonigga ah.Haddaba waa maxay impedance-ka-soo-saarka iyo impedance-ka-soo-saarka?Is-hortaagga soo-gelinta waa xannibaadda wareegga wareegga isha isha.Sida ku cad Jaantuska 3 amplifier, is-hortaagtiisu waa in laga saaro isha ishaarada E iyo iska caabbinta gudaha r, laga bilaabo AB waxay ku dhammaataa is-hortaag u dhigma.Qiimaheedu waa Z = UI / I1, taas oo ah, saamiga tamarta wax-gelinta iyo hadda wax-gelinta.Isha ishaarada, cod-weyneyuhu wuxuu noqdaa culayskiisa.Tiro ahaan, qiimaha culeyska u dhigma ee cod-weyneeye waa qiimaha impedance-ka-gelinta.Cabbirka impedance gelinta maaha mid isku mid ah wareegyada kala duwan.
Tusaale ahaan, mar kasta oo ay sare u kacdo impedance-ka (oo loo yaqaan dareenka danabka) ee xannibaadda korantada ee multimeter-ka, waa yaraanta shunt ee wareegga tijaabada iyo yaraanta qaladka cabbirka.Hoos-u-dhac ku yimaada xannibaadda xannibaadda ee hadda jirta, way sii yaraanaysaa qaybta korantada ee wareegga tijaabada, oo sidaas awgeed khaladka cabbirka yar.Cod-weyneyaasha korantada, marka soo-saarka soo-saarka isha calaamaduhu ay la mid tahay is-hortaagga soo-gelinta wareegga cod-weyneyaasha, waxaa loo yaqaannaa is-waafajinta, ka dibna wareegga cod-weyne wuxuu heli karaa awoodda ugu badan ee soo-saarka.Wax-soo-saarka wax-soo-saarku waa ka-hortagga wareegga wareegga culeyska.Sida Jaantuska 4, awoodda korantada ee dhinaca wax-soo-saarka ee wareegga wareegga ayaa ah mid gaaban, dhinaca wax-soo-saarka culeyska ayaa la saarayaa, isku-dhafka u dhigma ee ka soo baxa CD-ga waxaa loo yaqaan ' impedance'.Haddii culeyska culeysku uusan la mid ahayn is-hortaagga wax-soo-saarka, oo loo yaqaan ' impedance mismatch', culeysku ma heli karo awoodda ugu sarreysa.Saamiga korantada wax soo saarka U2 iyo wax soo saarka hadda I2 waxaa loo yaqaan impedance soo saarka.Baaxadda impedance wax soo saarka waxay ku xiran tahay wareegyada kala duwan waxay leeyihiin shuruudo kala duwan.
Tusaale ahaan, isha danabku waxay u baahan tahay wax-soo-saar hooseeya, halka isha hadda jirta ay u baahan tahay wax-soo-saar sare.Wareegga cod-weyneeye, qiimaha wax-soo-saarku wuxuu muujinayaa awoodda uu u leeyahay inuu qaado culeyska.Caadi ahaan, wax-soo-saar yar oo ka-hortagga waxay keentaa culeys sare oo qaadis ah.Haddii wax-soo-saarka wax-soo-saarka aan la barbar dhigi karin culeyska, beddelka ama wareegga shabakada ayaa lagu dari karaa si loo gaaro ciyaarta.Tusaale ahaan, cod-weyneeye transistor-ku waxa uu inta badan ku xidhan yahay wax-soo-saarka (transistor-ka) ee u dhexeeya cod-weyneeye iyo af-hayeenka, ka-hortagga wax-soo-saarka cod-weyneyuhu waxa uu la mid yahay cidhiidhiga aasaasiga ah ee beddelka afhayeenka.Cidhiidhiga labaad ee taransfooriyuhu waxa uu la mid yahay cidhiidhiga cod-baahiyaha.Transformer-ku waxa uu u beddelaa saamiga is-hortaagga iyada oo loo marayo saamiga leexashada ee dabaylaha aasaasiga ah iyo kan sare.Wareegyada elektiroonigga ah ee dhabta ah, inta badan waxay la kulmaan isha calaamadda iyo wareegga cod-weyneyaasha ama wareegga xajmiga iyo culeyska culeysku maaha mid la mid ah xaaladda, sidaas darteed si toos ah uma xiri karaan.Xalku waa in lagu daro wareeg ama shabakad u dhiganta iyaga dhexdooda.Ugu dambeyntii, waa in la ogaadaa in isku-dheelitirnaanta impedance kaliya lagu dabaqi karo wareegyada elektaroonigga ah.Sababtoo ah awoodda calaamadaha lagu kala qaado wareegyada elektaroonigga ah ayaa si dabiici ah u daciif ah, isku-darka ayaa loo baahan yahay si loo kordhiyo awoodda wax soo saarka.Wareegyada korantada, isbarbardhigga guud ahaan lama tixgeliyo, sababtoo ah waxay u horseedi kartaa soo-saarka xad-dhaafka ah ee hadda socda iyo dhaawaca qalabka.
Codsiga Isbarbardhigga Isbarbardhigga
Calaamadaha guud ee soo noqnoqda sare, sida calaamadaha saacadaha, calaamadaha baska, iyo xitaa ilaa dhowr boqol oo megabytes ee calaamadaha DDR, iwm., qalabka guud transceiver inductive iyo capacitive impedance waa mid yar, iska caabin ah (tusaale, qaybta dhabta ah ee impedance) taas oo la iska indho tiri karo, iyo markan, isbarbardhigga isbarbardhigga wuxuu u baahan yahay oo kaliya in la tixgeliyo qaybta dhabta ah ee ay noqon karto.
Marka la eego inta jeer ee raadiyaha, aalado badan sida anteenooyinka, amplifiers, iyo wixii la mid ah, gelinta iyo soo saariddeeda ma ahan mid dhab ah (ma ahan iska caabin saafi ah), qeybta mala-awaalka ah (karti ama inductive) waa mid aad u weyn oo aan la iska indha tiri karin. , ka dib waa in aan isticmaalno habka isku dhejinta konjugate.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-17-2023